Methodology

In this dashboard, We are going to track gas generation on different networks: Ethereum, Solana, Algorand, FLOW, NEAR, Optimism, Arbitrum, Polygon, and Osmosis.

In the first part, I am going to compare the overall data for all these chains together, and then in the second part, I am going to analyze gas generation data separately for each chain.

For this purpose, we are going to mainly use core.fact.transactions table for each chain. There are usually 2 different columns for gas and fee in these tables:

• Gas Used: the amount of gas used by the transaction.
• Fee: the transaction fee calculated from the gas price and the gas used. Fee = Gas Used * Gas Price

A gas fee is a term given to transaction fees on the Ethereum blockchain network. According to Ethereum’s developer pages, gas is “the fuel that allows the [Ethereum network] to operate, in the same way, that a car needs gasoline to run.”

Other cryptocurrencies may simply call these transaction fees, miner fees, or something similar. However, since Ethereum is currently the second-largest crypto by market cap, the term “gas” is often applied when referring to the fees involved in executing work on other blockchains.

All transactions carry a variable gas fee that’s based on the size and complexity of the operation.

So, we are going to just extract the tx_fee from the related column in order to analyze gas generation on that blockchain.

Moreover, the currency of generated fee on each table (except Arbitrum and Optimism) is the blockchain’s native token (Ethereum = ETH | Solana = SOL | Algorand = ALGO | FLOW = FLOW | NEAR Protocol = NEAR | ==Optimism = ETH | Arbitrum = ETH== | Osmosis = OSMO ).

So, we have to calculate the price of native tokens (usually using core.fact_hourly_token_prices or dim_prices tables or using their swap value with stablecoins such as USDC and USDT (for SOL)) in order to calculate the USD Value of generated fee and be able to compare them together in a chart.

One of the most challenging part of this bounty is calculating the average generated fee per $1,000,000 transfer within the blockchain. For this, Here is my methodology:

First, I have calculated the total blockchain’s native token transfer volume during the past x days (30 by default) and the result is for example 1,000,000,000 USD. Then, I calculated the total generated USD gas fee during the past x days (30 by default) on the chain and the result is for example 500,000,000 USD. So, by multiplying the 1,000,000 * 500,000,000 and dividing it by 1,000,000,000, the result (500,000 USD) will be the actual average generated fee per $1,000,000 transfer on the chain. Actually, it is calculated by the constant of proportionality. (1,000,000 * 500,000,000/1,000,000,000) = 500,000). Also, the reason that I have chosen the native’s token is that we are calculating the Average number, and also changing the native tokens’ price to the USD value is easier because of their actual amount_usd in their column or easy calculation of USD value using dim.prices tables. Moreover, the native tokens are more reliable compared to the other non-native tokens that can include some shitcoins!

For Extracting the top gas spender, I have also tried to identify them by using dim_labels tables but majority of them are not labeled accounts and just have wallet addresses.

Also, the default timespan for this dashboard is from 30 days ago till today (as the bounty question asked!). But you can manually change this number to your desired value by using provided “Days” field above and clicking Apply All Parameters (don’t forget to log into Flipside before that)

Overall Comparison of All Chains

In this part, Since the difference between Ethereum (as the top gas generator blockchain) vs other chains was so high, I had to use logarithmic scale charts in some cases for a better visualization and easy comparing of these chains.

On the above and left charts, as it was predictable, the total and average gas fee on Ethereum is way more than other chains. despite several upgrades during the recent months such as EIP1559 and also Merge, this chain have also generated the highest fee among all other chains and also the average generated fee per transaction on this chain is more than other chains. Do not forget that Ethereum hosts so many transactions compared to the other chains and is currently by far the most popular and crowded blockchain in the cryptocurrency market which is hosting so many famous platforms such as DEXs, lending protocol, etc ...

However, Ethereum is going to perform more and more updates and upgrades in the future in order to reduce its transactions fees.

After Ethereum, we can see Polygon has the most total generated fee during the past 30 days while the average transactions fee on Optimism is more than other chains.

FLOW has by far the least generated fee on its transactions considering that many of Fees on Flow blockchain are subsidized by wallets such as Blocto. (you can read more about FLOW fee calculating method on this link ()

On the above charts, we can see Ethereum has by far the lead in generating gas in all days over time.

We can also see high spikes of generated fees on all chains on 8th November because of the heavy market price crash and increasing volatile due to the FTX & Alameda collapse.

Also, we can see there is a very close compete between Osmosis and Algorand on their generated fee and we can see them overtaking each other several times over time.

Ethereum has also by far the highest generated fee per day and also per block compared to the other chains while the Polygon chain is on the second rank of this terms.

On the above charts and in terms of average gas price per block, we can still see Ethereum has by far the lead in all days and Polygon is on the second rank. There is a close compete between Solana, Osmosis, Near and Algorand in this terms and we can see them overtaking each other several times.

On the left chart, I have extracte d the top 10 gas spender of all chains and as we see, all of these top 10 gas generator belong to the Ethereum blockchain and the user address 0x6887246668a3b87f54deb3b94ba47a6f63f32985 is the top wallet address with generating more than 92,000 USD gas fees during the past month !

And on the left chart, we can see the distribution of generated fees by transactions on each chain.

As we see, the majority of transactions on Algorand and Solana generate 0.0001 - 0.001 USD fee.

Almost all transactions on the Flow blockchain generated less than $0.0001 fee.

The majority of transactions on NEAR blockchain generate 0.001 - 0.01 USD fee.

There are many transactions on Osmosis with 0 fee but the top rank belong to the transactions with$ 0.001 - $0.01 generated fees.

on Polygon, more than half of transactions generate $0.01 - $0.1 fees.

on Arbitrum, similar to the Osmosis, there are many transactions with 0 fee but there are also high number of transactions with $0.01 - $0.1 generated fees.

on Ethereum, we can see the highest share of transactions with more than $5 while the majority of transactions generated 0.1 - $1 fees on this chain.

And on Optimism, we can see transactions with $0.01 - 1$ fees.

Breakdown by Chain

And based on the left chart, as mentioned above the wallet address

0x6887246668a3b87f54deb3b94ba47a6f63f32985 which belongs to the Optimism Sequencer has by far generated the highest fee on Ethereum (661 ETH) during the past month.

We can also see some labeled and also non-labeled addresses on the top 10 list.

On the above data we can see some metrics about the generated fees on Ethereum chain and also its gas generation over time. As we see, the highest fees were generated on 8th November and mainly because of market price crash due to the FTX & Alameda collapse.

The average daily generated fee on this chain is 3.71M USD and the average generated gas fee per Block is 528 which are higher than all other chains.

FTX & Alameda collapse have caused the generation fees to get increased by almost 4x times compared to the previous days.

Moreover, we can see an inverse ratio of ETH price and generated during the collapse timespan and this shows the ETH price was dropping so high because of the market crash and on the other hand, there was increasing activity and volatiles on the chain !

Ethereum

Solana

On the above data, we can see some metrics about the generated fees on the Solana chain and also its gas generation over time. As we see on this chain too, the highest fees were generated on 8th November and mainly because of the market price crash due to the FTX & Alameda collapse.

The average daily generated fee on this chain is 6370 USD and the average generated gas fee per Block is 0.0386 which is way lower than the Ethereum chain.

On this chain too, FTX & Alameda's collapse has caused the generation fees to get increased by almost 5x times compared to the previous days.

Moreover, we can see an inverse ratio of SOL price and generated fee during the collapse timespan and this shows the SOL price was dropping so high because of the market crash and on the other hand, there was increasing activity and volatiles on the chain ! But again after 12th November, we can see a positive correlation between the token’s price and generated fee.

The user address Fsb16JMXAWLML5PTLKVh5Lg1xviVB6ah5p7YYcJEw3g2 has generated the highest gas fee on Solana with more than 514 SOL !

Algorand

On the above data, we can see some metrics about the generated fees on the Algorand chain and also its gas generation over time. As we see the highest generated fee has occurred on 25th October even more than 8th November (the collapse day that had the most generated fee on previous chains)

The average daily generated fee on this chain is 482 USD and the average generated gas fee per Block is 0.02114 which is slightly lower than Solana.

Moreover, despite Solana and ethereum, we do not see high inverse ratio of ALGO price vs generated fee on this chain during the FTX & Alameda collapse.

The wallet address ZW3ISEHZUHPO7OZGMKLKIIMKVICOUDRCERI454I3DB2BH52HGLSO67W754 has by generated the highest fee on the Algorand blockchain during the past month with 9635 generated ALGOs.

FLOW

NEAR

The wallet address 0xecfad18ba9582d4f which belongs to the JoyRide (a blockchain-powered competitive gaming platform for casual game developers and players on Flow. ) has generated the highest fee on FLOW during the past month, This wallet address subsidize its proposers fees on the chain

On the above data, we can see some metrics about the generated fees on the NEAR chain and also its gas generation over time. As we see on this chain too, the highest fees were generated on 9th November and mainly because of the market price crash due to the FTX & Alameda collapse.

The average daily generated fee on this chain is 2170 USD and the average generated gas fee per Block is 0.031 which is more than FLOW and Ethereum but less than Solana.

On this chain too, FTX & Alameda's collapse has caused the generation fees to get increased by almost 1.5x times compared to the previous days.

Moreover, we can see an inverse ratio of SOL price and generated fee during the collapse timespan and this shows the SOL price was dropping so high because of the market crash and on the other hand, there was increasing activity and volatiles on the chain ! But again after 12th November, we can see a positive correlation between the token’s price and generated fee.

Based on the left chart, Oracle.Sweat has by far generated the highest fee on the NEAR chain during the past 30 days (more than 10k $NEAR)

Optimism

As mentioned in the Methodology section, the Fees on Optimism and Arbitrum are generated in ETH currency.

On the above data, we can see some metrics about the generated fees on the Optimism chain and also its gas generation over time. As we see on this chain too, the highest fees were generated on 8th November and mainly because of the market price crash due to the FTX & Alameda collapse.

The average daily generated fee on this chain is 50.2k USD and the average generated gas fee per Block is $0.19.

On this chain too, FTX & Alameda's collapse has caused the generation fees to get increased by almost 6.5x times compared to the previous days.

The wallet address 0xe93685f3bba03016f02bd1828badd6195988d950 has by far generated the highest fee on Optimism during the past month (more than 42 ETH)

Arbitrum

As mentioned in the Methodology section, the Fees on Optimism and Arbitrum are generated in ETH currency.

The user address 0xe93685f3bba03016f02bd1828badd6195988d950 has generated the highest fee on Arbitrum during the past 30 days (with more than 18.2 ETH)

Polygon

On the above data, we can see some metrics about the generated fees on the Polygon chain and also its gas generation over time. As we see on this chain too, the highest fees were generated on 8th November and mainly because of the market price crash due to the FTX & Alameda collapse.

The average daily generated fee on this chain is 110k USD and the average generated gas fee per Block is $2.92 which are higher than other L2s (Optimism and Arbitrum)

On this chain too, FTX & Alameda's collapse has caused the generation fees to get increased by almost 5x times compared to the previous days.

Moreover, we can see an inverse ratio of MATIC price and generated fee during the collapse timespan and this shows the MATIC price was dropping so high because of the market crash and on the other hand, there was increasing activity and volatiles on the chain ! But again after 12th November, we can see a positive correlation between the token’s price and generated fee.

The user address 0x7537cb7b7e8083ff8e68cb5c0ca18553ab54946f with generating more than 50k MATIC is the top gas generator of the past month on Polygon.

Osmosis

And based on the left data, on Osmosis, The approximate generated gas per 1,000,000 USD liquidity transfer on the chain is $122.5

On the above data, we can see some metrics about the generated fees on the Osmosis chain and also its gas generation over time. The highest fee on this chain was generated on 27th October even more than FTX & Alameda collapse timespan.

The average daily generated fee on this chain is 546 USD and the average generated gas fee per Block is 0.039.

Summary and Conclusion

• With comparing Ethereum, Solana, Algorand, FLOW, NEAR, Optimism, Arbitrum, Polygon and Osmosis chains:
• Ethereum is by far generating the highest gas fees by its transactions and the average transactions' gas fee on this chain is also more than other chains.
• The second rank of generated fees belong to the Polygon while in terms of average generated fee per transaction, Optimism is on the second rank.
• FLOW has by far the least generated fee on its transactions considering that many of Fees on Flow blockchain are subsidized by wallets such as Blocto.
• Algorand and Osmosis (2nd and 3rd blockchains with least generated fees after FLOW) have most close compete to each other in terms of generating fee.
• Almost all transactions on the Flow blockchain generated less than $0.0001 fee.
• The majority of transactions on NEAR blockchain generate 0.001 - 0.01 USD fee.
• There are many transactions on Osmosis with 0 fee but the top rank belong to the transactions with$ 0.001 - $0.01 generated fees.
• on Polygon, more than half of transactions generate $0.01 - $0.1 fees.
• on Arbitrum, similar to the Osmosis, there are many transactions with 0 fee but there are also high number of transactions with $0.01 - $0.1 generated fees.
• on Ethereum, we can see the highest share of transactions with more than $5 while the majority of transactions generated 0.1 - $1 fees on this chain.
• And on Optimism, we can see transactions with $0.01 - 1$ fees.
• Market price crash because of the FTX & Alameda collapse on 8th November has caused high spikes of generated fees in all chains especially on Optimism which have caused 6x more fee generation compared to the previous days. But its impact was at its lowest amount on NEAR with only 1.5x more generation compared to the days and weeks before.
• The wallet address 0x6887246668a3b87f54deb3b94ba47a6f63f32985 (Optimism Sequencer) from Ethereum chain has generated the most gas fees during the past 30 days among all compared chains.
• The generated gas fee per 1,000,000 USD transfered liquidity on Ethereum (approximately $928) is way more than all other chains while the Solana chain has the least generated fee per this transfer volume (almost $0.5 !)

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Blockchains In a Brief

Ethereum is a decentralized, open-source blockchain with smart contract functionality. Ether is the native cryptocurrency of the platform. Among cryptocurrencies, ether is second only to bitcoin in market capitalization. Ethereum was conceived in 2013 by programmer Vitalik Buterin.

Solana is a decentralized blockchain built to enable scalable, user-friendly apps for the world.

Algorand is a decentralized network built to solve the Blockchain Trilemma of achieving speed, security, and decentralization simultaneously. Launched in June 2019 by computer scientist and MIT professor Silvio Micali, Algorand is a permissionless, open-source blockchain network upon which anyone can build.

Flow is a blockchain platform that originally was designed for gaming purposes, but has expanded since its launch in 2020. The flow blockchain enables fast, low-cost transactions and supports smart contracts. It powers blockchain applications including NBA Top Shot, a non-fungible token (NFT) offering.3

NEAR Protocol is a public Proof-of-Stake (PoS) blockchain that aims to bring DeFi to the masses with low transfer fees and fast transactions. NEAR competes with Avalanche, Solana, Cardano, Algorand, the new version of Ethereum, and other PoS networks.

Optimism is a Layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum that can support all of Ethereum's Dapps. Instead of running all computation and data on the Ethereum network, Optimism puts all transaction data on-chain and runs computation off-chain, increasing Ethereum's transactions per second and decreasing transaction fees

The Arbitrum network is a layer-2 functionality, developed by the New York-based company Offchain Labs, which seeks to solve the congestion that the Ethereum network has been experiencing by improving how smart contracts are validated.

Polygon is a blockchain platform that aims to create a multi-chain blockchain ecosystem compatible with Ethereum. As with Ethereum, it uses a Proof of Stake consensus model. Polygon's native token is named MATIC. Polygon is used by Decentralized application, including DeFi, DAOs, and NFTs.

Osmosis is a DEX protocol, which means it uses smart contracts to determine the price of digital assets, to produce liquidity via a peer-to-peer (P2P) methodology, and to exact trades between users. This approach to an exchange platform is known as an AMM — a DEX protocol that prices crypto assets in liquidity pools

What is Gas Fee?

The gas fee is a blockchain transaction fee, paid to network validators for their services to the blockchain. Without the fees, there would be no incentive for anyone to stake (PoS Networks) or mine (PoW Networks) and help secure the network.

A transaction fee is paid when a certain amount of cryptocurrency is transferred from one wallet to another. Transaction fees are flexible in nature and can vary based on how busy the blockchain is. A user who wants to expedite a transaction can choose to do so by paying a higher transaction fee.

And based on the left data and the methodology that I have mentioned above, the average USD generated gas fee per $1,000,000 liquidity transfer on Ethereum is $938!

And based on the left data and the methodology that I have mentioned above, the average USD generated gas fee per $1,000,000 liquidity transfer on Solana is $0.522 which is way lower than Ethereum !

And based on the left data and the methodology that I have mentioned above, the average USD generated gas fee per $1,000,000 liquidity transfer on Algorand is 6.86 which is higher than Solana.

And based on the left data, the approximate generated fee per 1,000,000 transfered liquidity on FLOW is 2.78$ which is too low but still more thana Solana chain.

And according to the left data, the generated gas fee per $1,000,000 transfered liquidity on the NEAR protocol is 87.7$

And the generated gas fee per 1000000 liquidity transfer on Optimism is 864 which is close to the Ethereum chain.

And the generated gas fee per 1,000,000 USD transfer on Arbitrum is 190.3 which is way lower than its L2 competitor, Optimism.

And the approximate generated gas per 1000000 liquidity transfer on Polygon is $718 which is 3rd highest after Ethereum and Optimism.

The wallet address osmo1av54qcmavhjkqsd67cf6f4cedqjrdeh73k52l2 with generating 193 OSMO is the top gas generator of the past month on Osmosis.

On the above data, we can see some metrics about the generated fees on the FLOW chain and also its gas generation over time. As we see on this chain too, the highest fees were generated on 8th November and mainly because of the market price crash due to the FTX & Alameda collapse.

The average daily generated fee on this chain is 22.7 USD and the average generated gas fee per Block is 0.00039 which is way way too low compared to the other chains !

On this chain too, FTX & Alameda's collapse has caused the generation fees to get increased by almost 2x times compared to the previous days.

Moreover, we can see an inverse ratio of FLOW price and generated fee during the collapse timespan and this shows the FLOW price was dropping so high because of the market crash and on the other hand, there was increasing activity and volatiles on the chain ! But again after 12th November, we can see a positive correlation between the token’s price and generated fee.

On the above data, we can see some metrics about the generated fees on the Arbitrum chain and also its gas generation over time. As we see on this chain too, the highest fees were generated on 9th November and mainly because of the market price crash due to the FTX & Alameda collapse.

The average daily generated fee on this chain is 34.2k and the average generated gas fee per Block is $0.1352.

On this chain too, FTX & Alameda's collapse has caused the generation fees to get increased by almost 2.5x times compared to the previous days.

P.S: Arbitrum does not have a native token.